Well, being that networking is what I do for a living I suppose i should contribute some information here
Types of Cable
As far as cabling go there are different standards - Cat5 and Cat5e are the most common, Cat6 is around but not worth the extra money, if possible I would go with Cat5e as it will support Gigabit speeds without a problem, and usually isn't much if any more expensive. The difference between them is basically how many twists per inch the cable has - the twists (hence twisted pair cable) are what reduce / eliminate interference.
Within a given type of cable, Cat5e for example, there are two different types of wire used, solid conductor or braided. The solid is generally used in structured runs such as from a patch panel to a wall jack, or wall jack to wall jack. Something that isn't going to be moved. It's more brittle but has a little better conductivity. Braided is usually used in patch cables going from switches to patch panels, wall jacks to PCs, etc. The major thing to note here is there are different 'ends' to crimp on based on what type of conductor you have, so you want to make sure you get the right kind.
Pinouts:
Cat5 has 4 pairs of conductors, or 8 wires total. Only 4 of these are used Ethernet, 2 for transmit and 2 for receive, the used pins are 1,2,3 and 6. There are two different 'standards' for the order in which the conductors goes, refered to as 568a and 568b. If you are making cables to connect PC's to switches, or PC's to consumer routers (like a linksys or netgear) then you need both ends of the cable to match, either 568a or 568b, doesnt matter which.
Here is a pinout for 568b, which is probably the most common:
And the same for 568a:
If you are going to similar devices (PC to PC, switch to switch, etc) then you 'may' need a crossover cable which is one end of 568a and one end of 568b. What this basically does is reverse the transmit and receive pins, otherwise transmit will send to transmit on the other side, which obviously wont work too well. I say 'may' because many devices will recognize the problem and automatically switch the transmit and receive pairs.
More to come as I have time.